Variances

Variances are reviewed and acted on by the Planning Commission in accordance with Zoning Ordinance: Chapter 16.82 (Permits) - Article VI (Variances). Variances are discretionary actions, requiring affirmative findings as follows: 

  1. That a hardship peculiar to the property and not created by any act of the owner exists. In this context, personal, family or financial difficulties, loss of prospective profits and neighboring violations are not hardships justifying a variance. Further, a previous variance can never have set a precedent, for each case must be considered only on its individual merits;
  2. That such variance is necessary for the preservation and enjoyment of substantial property rights possessed by other conforming property in the same vicinity and that a variance, if granted, would not constitute a special privilege of the recipient not enjoyed by his/her neighbors;
  3. That the granting of the variance will not be materially detrimental to the public health, safety, or welfare, or will not impair an adequate supply of light and air to adjacent property;
  4. That the conditions upon which the requested variance is based would not be applicable, generally, to other property within the same zoning classification;
  5. That the condition upon which the requested variance is based is an unusual factor that was not anticipated or discussed in detail during any applicable specific plan process.

As described in more detail below, variances require public notification, and Planning Commission actions may be appealed to the City Council. A variance may not be granted to permit a use other than a use permitted in the district involved or to permit relief in excess of fifty percent (50%) of any development standard (i.e., if a minimum setback is ten (10) feet, a variance may not be considered for any setback less than five (5) feet).  

Review process

Step 1.Pre-submittal Planning review (recommended)

Variances are relatively uncommon requests that require strict findings. As such, the Planning Division recommends that prospective applicants considering a variance first discuss the proposal with a planner, prior to preparing a full submittal package. To start a pre-submittal review, please email PlanningDept@menlopark.gov and/or make a virtual or in-person appointment.

Step 2.Application intake

Prospective applicants should reach out to PlanningDept@menlopark.gov to initiate the variance submittal process. Staff will confirm that the proposed use requires a variance and work with the applicant to submit all required documents. See the application submittal guidelines(PDF, 460KB) for more information about typical requirements. In particular for variances, a Variance Request Letter is required, which consists of the applicant proposing how the required variance findings can be met. The letter and/or plans may also benefit from graphical analyses showing how a non-variance proposal may not be feasible. As part of the intake process, staff will schedule a meeting with the applicant to review the proposal and coordinate next steps.

The applicant will also be asked to create an account on the online permit center, if they don't already have one. At the conclusion of this phase, staff will create a record in the City's online permit center and invoice any required fees.

Step 3.Fee payment and public notice

As specified on the fees and payments page, the applicant will submit payment online for all invoiced fees. Fee amounts are specified in the master fee schedule, and fees should only be paid on the official City online permit center. Note that the initial variance fee is a deposit, with staff time charged against that amount. Once the deposit is expended, the applicant will receive quarterly invoices for staff time above the deposit, as well as for any additional charges (such as public notice mailing charges, technology and General Plan fees, etc.).

After initial fees have been paid, a Planning Division staff member will be assigned to oversee the proposal, and they will commence detailed review. Concurrently, a mailed public notice will be sent to owners and occupants near the proposal, notifying them of the proposal and the process to relay comments/questions. Throughout the review process, staff may hear from neighbors and other interested parties and will share feedback with the applicant for their knowledge and consideration. 

Step 4.Staff review and (as needed) applicant resubmittal

Within 30 days of fee payment, staff will confirm whether the application is complete/consistent and thus ready for action, or whether corrections/augmentations are required. In the latter case, a letter specifying all questions or issues will be issued, and the application will go into "pending resubmittal" status. Once the applicant resubmits via the online permit center, the staff review cycle will start again. Note that multiple rounds of review may be required before a proposal is ready for action.

Step 5.Meeting scheduling and public notice

Once a variance proposal is deemed complete/consistent, staff will identify a likely Planning Commission meeting date and will confirm that the applicant and any associated team members are also available for that date. In-person attendance is recommended, although virtual meeting participation is an option upon request.

Once the meeting date is confirmed, staff will prepare the public hearing notice, which is published in a local newspaper, posted at City offices, and mailed to owners/occupants of property near the proposed site (typically 300 feet, but larger distances may be required for certain proposals). The notices will specify the meeting date/time/location and the options for submitting comments.  

Step 6.Planning Commission meeting

The week before the specified meeting date, Planning Division staff will publish a staff report describing and analyzing the proposal and including a recommended action. Plans and other project materials will be attached to the staff report, along with public correspondence (if any has been submitted). Staff reports are available as part of the meeting agenda, which is posted on the City's agendas and minutes page. 

On the specified date, the Planning Commission will hold the public hearing, typically at the City Council Chambers. The applicant (and architect/designer, if they are not also the applicant) are typically expected to attend and represent the proposal. A short applicant presentation is typically expected for a variance proposal, and Planning Commissioners may ask the applicant and/or other team members questions. The Planning Commission will also ask for public comment and will consider any that is relayed at the meeting. The Planning Commission will next deliberate/discuss, and will typically act on the proposal that evening, although a continuance to a future meeting sometimes occurs if there are questions or changes needed. The Planning Commission may adopt the staff-recommended action as presented, although it may modify the recommendation or pursue a different approach.

Step 7.Action

Following the meeting, staff will issue the formal action notice to the applicant. The action will include the required findings and any conditions of approval.

Step 8.Appeal period

Any person may appeal a Planning Commission action within fifteen (15) days following the final decision. If appealed, the City Council will consider the action at a future public hearing. Appeals are subject to the procedures/requirements specified in Zoning Ordinance Chapter 16.86 (Appeals). 

Step 9.Implementation

If approved, a variance must be implemented within a required period, typically one (1) year. Approved variances must also adhere to all conditions of approval, and permits may be revoked if conditions are violated or other findings are triggered. A revision or new variance can be required in the future, if the structure/site are proposed to be significantly altered. As noted earlier, charges for staff time above the initial deposit are billed quarterly, and depending on the action date, the final invoice may not arrive until several months afterward. Payment of all invoiced Planning fees is required prior to issuance of any associated Building permit. 

In some cases, relief from certain standards may be considered and acted on through a use permit, not a variance. For example, per Zoning Ordinance Section 16.79.040, certain ADU (Accessory Dwelling Unit) standards may be modified with a use permit. Where this is specified in the Zoning Ordinance, the use permit process and findings are followed, versus the variance requirements/procedures.